人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指(zhi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出設(she)(she)備以(yi)便安裝(zhuang)、檢修和(he)安全檢查的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或(huo)(huo)短管(guan)）、法蘭和(he)帶把(ba)手(shou)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安全檢查考慮，壓(ya)力容器要求開(kai)設(she)(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小(xiao)尺(chi)(chi)寸見“檢查孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有(you)碳鋼(gang)和(he)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)。按受壓(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為常(chang)壓(ya)和(he)受壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)、橢(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)和(he)矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)常(chang)壓(ya)設(she)(she)備；按安裝(zhuang)位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為水(shui)平和(he)垂直安裝(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定方式有(you)迥(jiong)轉蓋(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速度有(you)普(pu)通(tong)式和(he)快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和(he)尺(chi)(chi)寸一(yi)般都已標準化(hua)，可(ke)參照(zhao)有(you)關手(shou)冊選用(yong)(yong)或(huo)(huo)設(she)(she)計。