人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進出設(she)備(bei)以(yi)便安裝、檢修和(he)(he)(he)(he)安全檢查的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)。主要由短筒節（或短管）、法蘭和(he)(he)(he)(he)帶(dai)把手(shou)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋組(zu)成(cheng)。從安全檢查考慮，壓力容器(qi)要求開(kai)設(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及(ji)其小(xiao)尺寸(cun)見(jian)“檢查孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有(you)碳鋼和(he)(he)(he)(he)不銹鋼。按受(shou)壓情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)(fen)為常壓和(he)(he)(he)(he)受(shou)壓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)(fen)為圓(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)矩(ju)形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用于常壓設(she)備(bei)；按安裝位(wei)置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)(fen)為水(shui)平和(he)(he)(he)(he)垂直安裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋固定方式有(you)迥轉蓋和(he)(he)(he)(he)吊蓋；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速度有(you)普通(tong)式和(he)(he)(he)(he)快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)尺寸(cun)一般都已(yi)標(biao)準化，可(ke)參照有(you)關手(shou)冊選用或設(she)計。